Learning paths · Skills · Intermediate

GraphQL: what happens behind one endpoint

What a GraphQL server does with a query: the schema that types every field, how execution walks the selection one resolver at a time, why that invites N+1 queries and how batching fixes it, what partial data and the errors array mean, and how caching, authorisation, cost limits, federation and schema evolution work when every request goes to the same URL.

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  1. 01The contractTypes, operations, the schema0/2
  2. 02ExecutionResolvers, batching, errors, pages0/4
  3. 03In productionWho may see it, caching, limits0/3
  4. 04At scaleMany teams, many years, other styles0/3
  5. 05Next: system designSame ideas, at service scale

The language and type system follow the GraphQL specification (the October 2021 edition, the September 2025 edition that succeeds it, and the current working draft). Examples of server code are plain JavaScript without libraries, so you can run them and see the execution model; real servers such as graphql-js add parsing, validation and much more around the same ideas. The SQL pagination and JavaScript promise topics are prerequisites from other paths and share their progress.

Where this path leads